🚖 Uber Microservices Architecture – Project Overview

🌍 Introduction

In this project, we will design and implement a microservices-based ride-sharing system, similar to Uber’s backend architecture.
This system will consist of multiple independent microservices, each responsible for a specific function such as:

• Ride Requests
• Surge Pricing
• Driver Management
• Traffic Data (External Service)

Each microservice will operate independently, communicate via REST APIs, and work together to handle ride requests efficiently.

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📌 1. Understanding the Microservices Architecture

✅ Key Design Principles

✔ Decoupled Services → Each microservice is responsible for a single domain (e.g., Driver Management, Pricing).
✔ Independent Scaling → Services scale independently based on demand.
✔ Service-to-Service Communication → Services interact via HTTP APIs.
✔ Fault Isolation → A failure in one service doesn’t crash the entire system.

🏗 High-Level Architecture

The system consists of four main microservices:

+--------------------+
|  API Gateway      |
+--------------------+
       |
       v
+--------------------+      +--------------------+      +--------------------+
| Ride Request      | ---> | Driver Management  | ---> | Traffic Data (External) |
| Service (5000)    |      | Service (5003)     |      | Service (5002)        |
+--------------------+      +--------------------+      +--------------------+
       |
       v
+--------------------+
| Surge Pricing     |
| Service (5001)    |
+--------------------+

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📌 2. Microservices Breakdown

Each microservice is independent and communicates via APIs.

🚖 1️⃣ Ride Request Service (Port 5000)

📌 Role:

• Handles new ride requests from passengers.
• Matches riders with available drivers.
• Integrates Surge Pricing and Traffic Data for fare calculations.

✅ Key Responsibilities:

• Orchestrates the entire ride process.
• Communicates with Surge Pricing & Driver Management.
• Ensures seamless ride status updates.

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📈 2️⃣ Surge Pricing Service (Port 5001)

📌 Role:

• Calculates real-time surge pricing based on demand and supply.
• Adjusts ride fares dynamically during peak times.

✅ Key Responsibilities:

• Prevents unfair pricing spikes.
• Optimizes ride availability by adjusting fares.
• Ensures real-time updates for demand and supply.

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🚗 3️⃣ Driver Management Service (Port 5003)

📌 Role:

• Manages driver registration, location updates, and availability.
• Helps Ride Request Service find nearby available drivers.

✅ Key Responsibilities:

• Ensures drivers can be assigned to ride requests.
• Manages real-time availability and locations.
• Enables smooth driver-passenger matching.

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🚦 4️⃣ Traffic Data Service (Port 5002 - External)

📌 Role:

• Estimates travel times based on real-time traffic conditions.
• Helps Ride Request Service predict trip durations.

✅ Key Responsibilities:

• Provides accurate trip duration predictions.
• Helps adjust fares based on estimated time.
• Ensures users get realistic arrival estimates.

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📌 3. Microservices Communication & Workflow

🏗 How the System Works Together

1. User requests a ride → Ride Request Service receives request.
2. Surge Pricing Service → Determines surge multiplier.
3. Traffic Data Service → Predicts trip duration.
4. Driver Management Service → Finds a nearby available driver.
5. Ride is confirmed, and assigned driver picks up the user.
6. Ride is completed, and fare is finalized with surge pricing.

✅ Why Use Microservices?

✔ Scalability → Services scale independently based on demand.
✔ Fault Isolation → If Surge Pricing Service fails, ride requests still work.
✔ Independent Deployments → New features can be added without downtime.

❌ Challenges of Microservices

• Increased complexity (managing multiple services).
• API latency (since services communicate over HTTP).
• Data consistency (each service has its own database).

✅ Best Practice: Use caching, service discovery, and message queues to optimize performance.

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🎯 Summary

✅ Ride Request Service → Handles ride creation, driver matching, and status updates.
✅ Surge Pricing Service → Dynamically calculates surge multipliers.
✅ Driver Management Service → Tracks driver locations and availability.
✅ Traffic Data Service → Estimates travel times for accurate fare calculations.

This microservices-based system ensures high availability, scalability, and real-time ride processing, just like Uber’s backend.